footnotes

  1. 55% increase for nonviolent offenders: www.prisonpolicy.org/scans/jpi/cc_md.pdf By comparison, since 1985, the U.S. rate of incarceration doubled.
  2. crime rates held constant: 
    http://www.disastercenter.com/crime/mdcrime.htm The annual number of violent crimes, property crimes and murders remained similar in 1985 and 2005, although the population increased by 27%.
  1. $45,875 per inmate per year:
    https://msa.maryland.gov/msa/mdmanual/01glance/html/criminal.html
    “According to the Division of Correction, in Fiscal Year 2018, Maryland’s average daily inmate population was 19,151 at a cost of $45,875 per person. The average length of stay was a little over two years (28.65 months).”
  2. 78 per cent of the inmate population:
    According to U.S. Census Bureau statistics, cited in www.prisonpolicy.org/scans/jpi/cc_md.pdf.
  1. reduce these rates to 28% and 23%:
    See comparison of states’ recidivism statistics: http://www.pewtrusts.org/~/media/legacy/uploadedfiles/wwwpewtrustsorg/reports/sentencing_and_corrections/StateRecidivismRevolvingDoorAmericaPrisons20pdf.pdf at pp. 11-13
  1. Justice Reinvestment Funding:
    “Justice Reinvestment Funding” is a corrections budgeting system, promoted by the U.S. Dept. of Justice that involves retention of savings from reduction of overall prison populations to fund reentry programs; these reentry programs more intensively assist remaining inmates to obtain employment and other skills to reduce their recidivism without any increase in the overall corrections budget. See discussion in http://justicereinvestment.org/summit/report. In the long-run, policy analysts predict this funding strategy will reduce prison populations, recidivism, and taxpayer costs. States implementing “Reinvestment Funding” include Pennsylvania, Delaware, Ohio, Texas, North Carolina, and several others.